Kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hnub ci vaj huam sib luag

Tam sim no, crystalline silicon cov ntaub ntawv (xws li polysilicon thiab monocrystalline silicon) yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws photovoltaic, nrog rau kev lag luam feem ntau tshaj 90 feem pua, thiab yuav tseem yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau lub hnub ci hnub ci rau lub sijhawm ntev nyob rau yav tom ntej. Kev tsim cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv polysilicon tau ntev lawm nyob rau hauv tes ntawm 10 lub tuam txhab ntawm 7 lub tuam txhab hauv 3 lub teb chaws, suav nrog Tebchaws Meskas, Nyiv, thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam monopoly. Qhov kev thov rau polysilicon feem ntau yog los ntawm semiconductors thiab hnub ci hlwb. Raws li cov kev cai purity sib txawv, nws muab faib ua qib hluav taws xob thiab qib hnub ci. Ntawm lawv, qib hluav taws xob polysilicon suav txog li 55 feem pua, thiab hnub ci qib polysilicon suav txog 45 feem pua. Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam photovoltaic, qhov kev thov rau polysilicon los ntawm lub hnub ci hlwb yog loj hlob sai dua li kev loj hlob ntawm semiconductor polysilicon. Nws cia siab tias qhov kev thov rau hnub ci polysilicon yuav ntau tshaj li ntawm cov qib hluav taws xob polysilicon los ntawm 2008. Nyob rau hauv 1994, tag nrho cov zis ntawm lub hnub ci cell thoob ntiaj teb tsuas yog 69 MW, thaum nyob rau hauv 2004, nws yog ze rau 1200 MW, nce 17 zaug. hauv 10 xyoo xwb.
Crystal silicon solar panels: polycrystalline silicon solar cells, monocrystalline silicon solar cells.
Amorphous silicon solar panels: nyias zaj duab xis solar cells, organic solar cells.
Chemical Dye Cell Vaj Huam Sib Luag: Dye sensitized solar cells.
Saj zawg zog solar cells
monocrystalline silicon
Lub photoelectric conversion efficiency ntawm monocrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb yog hais txog 18 feem pua, nrog rau siab tshaj plaws mus txog 24 feem pua. Qhov no yog lub siab tshaj plaws photoelectric conversion efficiency ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm lub hnub ci hlwb, tab sis cov nqi ntau lawm yog li ntawd nws yuav tsis tau lug siv. Vim tias monocrystalline silicon feem ntau ntim nrog cov iav tempered thiab cov dej tsis muaj dej, nws yog qhov ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov, nrog lub neej ua haujlwm txog li 25 xyoo.
polysilicon
Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm polysilicon hnub ci hlwb zoo ib yam li cov monocrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb, tab sis lub photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm polysilicon hnub ci hlwb raug txo qis, nrog rau photoelectric conversion efficiency txog li 16 feem pua. Hais txog cov nqi tsim khoom, nws yog pheej yig dua li monocrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb, nrog cov khoom siv yooj yim tsim, txuag hluav taws xob noj, thiab qis dua tag nrho cov nqi tsim khoom. Yog li ntawd, nws tau tsim kho zoo heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm polycrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb tseem luv dua li ntawm monocrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov nqi kev ua tau zoo, monocrystalline silicon solar cells yog me ntsis zoo dua.
Amorphous silicon
Amorphous silicon solar cells yog ib hom tshiab ntawm nyias zaj duab xis hnub ci hnub ci uas tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1976. Lawv txawv kiag li ntawm monocrystalline silicon thiab polycrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ntau lawm txoj kev, zoo heev simplifying tus txheej txheem, txo cov khoom siv silicon, thiab txo hwj chim. noj. Lawv lub ntsiab kom zoo dua yog tias lawv tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lub teeb tsis muaj zog. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm amorphous silicon solar cells yog lawv cov kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob tsawg, uas yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 10 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov qib siab thoob ntiaj teb, thiab tsis ruaj khov txaus. Thaum lub sij hawm, lawv conversion efficiency txo.